Improvement in the field of heating has been a challenge for people for a long time. However, the invention of the first radiator in 1834, which Denison Olmsted described as a heat exchanger furnace and used the term "radiator" in his patent, was a turning point in the field. This device made it possible to heat rooms by emitting heat.
Further development of radiators brought many innovations. In 1855, Franz San Galli invented a cast-iron radiator with a special valve control that was more efficient in emitting heat. Over time, new materials, shapes and methods of heat transfer appeared which contributed to improving the efficiency and functionality of radiators.
Radiators were made of various materials such as cast iron, steel, aluminum, and copper. Each material has its own advantages and properties that affect the efficiency and performance of radiators. In the beginning, cast iron radiators were popular because they had good heat retention, but they were heavy and took a long time to heat up. Steel radiators were lighter and heated up faster but had a lower heat capacity. Aluminum radiators appeared later and were distinguished by high thermal conductivity and the ability to quickly heat up. Copper radiators were just as efficient at transferring heat but were more expensive.
In addition to the materials, the shape of the radiators also changed. At first, radiators consisted of pipes and plates, but later panel radiators appeared with a larger heat emitting surface. Some radiators also had ribbed panels which increased their efficiency in emitting heat.
Electrical appliances were tentatively introduced into the home from the late 19th century. The increase in electricity generation and the spread of electrification across the country facilitated their development. Electric radiators started to appear in homes even before the development of central heating. They brought with them a comfort that has become an essential part of our lives today.